Вы больше жен равно меньше Прелюбодеяние & ПРОСТИТУЦИЯ?
по Энн на Nov.19, 2009, во время многоженства в СМИ
Rawang, Ноябрь 14 - Не вступать в брак молодых девственных девушек; жениться одиноких матерей и вдов, а не. Это было предложение, сделанное недавно официальный государственный Келантан для потенциальных многоженцев.
Но идея обратил зенитные от некоторых критиков, кто сказал, что вместо того, чтобы больше усилий должно быть сделано, чтобы уменьшить количество разводов и помощь матерям-одиночкам.
Вопрос о многоженстве в настоящее время активно обсуждается в настоящее время, с предложением спорный официальный Келантан и появлением многоженства Клуб основан в августе жена многоженец.
Hatijah Aam, 55, сказала, что она началась в клубе с целью сдерживания социальных недугов, таких как проституция и адюльтер. Он имеет 300 членов.
"После того, как с общими для человека 30 лет, Мы как сестры,"Hatijah рассказал The Straits Times. Сидя рядом с ней, Ибрагим Noraziah, 52, младшая жена мужа в Hatijah, улыбнулись.
Noraziah встретил муж Hatijah после своего партнера умерли.
"У нее было детей кормить. Можете ли вы представить? Она нуждается в помощи,"Саид Hatijah.
Оба женаты на 72-летний Мухаммад Ashaari, Патриарх клана, породил из пяти браков - с тех пор он развелся одну жену, , а другой погиб в автомобильной аварии во время паломничества в священный город Мекку 2003.
Из его 38 детей, 19 сыновей и четыре дочери также многоженцев. Ashaari имеет 200 внуков и 12 правнуками.
"Некоторые люди думают, многоженство плохо, но на самом деле красивая вещь,"Саид Hatijah.
Большинство малайзийцев помнить Ashaari как приведя девиантного исламская секта, которая была запрещена в 1994 потому что его претензии, что он смог снять с грехами, и что исламский мессия с востока будет появляться перед предсказал конец света.
Ashaari перенес инсульт, в 2003, и теперь не может говорить. Его третья жена не присутствовал на интервью, как она стремится к нему.
История семьи является лишь одним примером из полигамных браков в Малайзии.
Мужчины-мусульмане могут до четырех жен в соответствии с исламским законом. Критики говорят, что практика жестоких и было искажено от своей первоначальной цели.
Практика была распространена в эпоху пророка Мухаммеда для обеспечения многих вдов и сирот, как следствие, мужчины умирают в частых войнах.
Активисты говорят, что большинство современных многоженцев в Малайзии замуж молодых женщин, и пренебрегать их первой жены.
В то время как семья Hatijah, кажется, жить гармонично, правозащитные организации утверждают, что наиболее полигамных семей страдают злоупотреблений и ревность.
Сестры в исламе (SIS), неправительственной организацией, которая отстаивает права мусульманских женщин и кампаний против практики, говорит, многоженство не является решением для занятия проституцией.
"Брак - будь полигамные или нет - не может быть панацеей от всех бед на вопрос, как сложно, как секс-бизнес,"СИС менеджер программы Masjaliza Хамза сказал Straits Times.
"Общество должно перестать видеть брак как единого ответа на вопросы и проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются не только работниц секса, а также матерей-одиночек, вдов и пожилых женщин. "
Она цитирует суры из Корана, полигамии, и отметил, что несмотря на пророка Мухаммеда практиковали его, Он не позволяет сыну в законе, чтобы жениться на другой женщине, если он развелся с дочерью Пророка.
Только 2.8 процентов мусульманских браков здесь полигамных.
Различные государства также имеют различные критерии для потенциальных многоженцев.
Куала-Лумпур, требует письменного согласия или представлений из существующих жены. В Серебряный, обещание человеку для лечения жены довольно достаточно.
Ханафии Хамза, 53-летний телеоператор, сказал чужим смотреть на него сверху вниз, чтобы иметь больше чем одну жену. "Общество смотрит на многоженцев. Люди всегда думают, что это за секс,", Сказал он The Straits Times.
Ханафии женился на своей первой жене, который в настоящее время 47, два десятилетия назад. Семь лет спустя, он женился на своей второй женой, сейчас 36.
В то время как жены сердечный друг к другу, Он признает, что это не так просто.
"Вы не можете быть справедливой для обеих из них. Если жена или ребенок болен, которые вы ходите в?
"Если мои друзья говорят, что они хотят быть полигамной, Я всегда говорю им, Вам лучше не. Моя первая жена никогда не использовали жаловаться, но теперь она получает разочарование легко. Это моя ошибка,"Сказал он.
Masjaliza сказал, что есть некоторые стигмы к практике: "Люди не носить его как знак почета. Существует уровень дискомфорта. Может быть, люди стыдятся ".
Действительно, в то время как некоторые лидеры в правящую ОМНО и оппозиции ООПТ иметь более одной жены, Большинство из них посещают официальные мероприятия в сопровождении только одной жены.
Но это не сдерживание Hatijah, который ветвящихся Полигамия клуб в Индонезии.
Правительство предупредило, что клуб может быть уловкой.
Семья была "очень старалась, чтобы ввести в заблуждение общественность" в возрождении религиозного культа запрещено по религиозным, деловых и общественных мероприятий, Ван Мохамад Шейх Абдул Азиз, генеральный директор Департамента исламского развития Малайзии, сказал в интервью Times New Straits. - Straits Times
Кредит на выше информация: Малайзии Insider, Четверг, Ноябрь 19, 2009
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Как Salaamu алейкум!
Добро пожаловать на многоженство 411! Наш дом для мусульман и немусульман. Это для всех, кто хочет поговорить о многоженстве, или тех, кто находится в полигамные браки, или же рассматривает входит в одну. Мы как с компанией. Устройтесь поудобнее и вступать в дискуссию, оставляя комментарии. Мы с нетерпением ждем встречи с вами здесь скоро и часто.
путешествие 4 меньше!
November 20th, 2009 на 8:36 AM
Salaam sis
thanks for sharing. That is really interesting, and sad in some points.I have never heard of this polygamy club.
November 20th, 2009 на 12:59 PM
Амина,Wa Alaikum As Salaam Sister!
Welcome to polygamy411.com. I’m glad you’ve joined us and found the article interesting. I don’t know whether you’ve read the other three articles about the polygamy club that are on this site; if not, you could put the words polygamy club in the search box on this page, and access the other three articles as well.
Please feel free to visit and comment anytime. We enjoy having you here.
Это день открытых дверей. Не надо стучаться. Просто приходите на в.
November 22nd, 2009 на 10:35 PM
There is no evidence in the medical literature that polygyny reduces the incidence of extramarital affairs.
In the Journal of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome,
it was reported that 44% of polygynous married males in Nigeria had sexual contact with someone other than one of their wives in the month prior to an anonymous survey.
The plural wives of these men also had a similar percentage of extramarital relationships with men other than their husbands.
November 22nd, 2009 на 11:01 PM
Chatelaine, thank you much for the stats and information. I could see how polygyny would not reduce the incidences of extramarital affairs. There are quite a few men that engage in polygamy who are lacking in spirituality, don’t fear God, and engage in polygamy for all the wrong reasons. I definitely could see how women would have extramarital affairs, а также. Some probably give out payback sex to get even with their husbands. They feel if a husband can go out there and do it, why not do it as well.
I’ve spoken with Alex a number of times about that out of concern for my own health and wellbeing, based on what I know of Carolinah. I question her morality based on what Alex has told me and what she has told me, as well. I know you’re probably thinking I should question his morality, as well.
Это день открытых дверей. Не надо стучаться. Просто приходите на в.
November 23rd, 2009 на 9:15 PM
Главная,
Thank you for your honest and forthright blog. You are a genuinely spiritual person, and I admire that.
I have some medical studies on polygyny and the effects of polygyny on first wives. May I post some of them, or links to these articles, for your review ? I will only do so with your permission. God Bless,
Chatelaine
November 23rd, 2009 на 11:53 PM
Chatelaine,
I’m very appreciative that you have joined us, have commented, and are willing to share information. This is polygamy411, so it would be perfectly fine and quite generous of you to share the medical studies with all of us. Thank you much for caring and sharing.
Это день открытых дверей. Не надо стучаться. Просто приходите на в.
24 ноября, 2009 на 1:15 PM
Chatelaine,
I posted the infomation that you provided, regarding the medical study of polygyny on women and children.
I would gladly post more should you elect to send them. Thank you much!
Это день открытых дверей. Не надо стучаться. Просто приходите на в.
December 15th, 2009 на 4:38 PM
I was reading few articles and I found quite interesting. I realized that women fail to understand men. Every man has strong desire for women. They feel women as their food. somehow it is truth women taste good except their big mouth. The truth is the matter that only Islam legislated men on marriage. It is historical fact powerful men want to have more than 100 women and weak men go to prostitute or masturbate or sex with animals or sex with boys or commit rape. thats why it is very important to teach men about God.
December 15th, 2009 на 6:03 PM
Shahin, welcome to polygamy 411 and thank you for your comment. It is an interesting one in deed.
December 15th, 2009 на 6:20 PM
Shahin:
Your comment, “women fail to understand men” is probably true. What is your view of men’s understanding of women? Спасибо.
December 15th, 2009 на 8:28 PM
Salaam To All,
Regarding Man’s Understanding of Women:
Generally speaking, men do not understand women at all. The greatest difficulty is that both sexes seem to think they should view the world in the same manner and just agree on the same priorities. But this is simply not the case.
Men and women think, feel, cognate differently and do not have similar priorities at all except for basic human needs required for survival.
Women are monogomous by nature and this is placed in them as an instinct by Allah in order to assure the continuum-of or return-to the divine Patriarchal Order for the sake of the community’s peace and security.
Men are polygamous by nature and for the very same purpose. Women expect men to love them in the same way they love, but this is impossible for men to do as they do not have this singular sense of loyalty to one spouse. Which is why they shake their heads in dispassionate perplexity at a woman’s jealous rage. If a man is jealous, it is only because his lordship has been abandoned or challenged. If a woman is jealous, it is because she fears replacement and desolation.
Just as a woman loves her children, and each one because they are hers and each one for differing reasons, so also a man may love his wives and without any feeling of compromise at all.
Однако, men often fail to address each woman’s concerns for her well being and that of her children. She requires to be recognized fro her unique contributions to both him and the community. Her well being is dependent upon his recognition of her importance to him and the reasons he married her, which far outweigh any sexual purpose, as sex is instintive and basic until elevated to worship (which is why Marriage is called a Mosque — more on that later).
It is the gifts she brings to him as a companion and helper on his road to attain the practice of moral imperatives in Islam that concern her as to why he chose her. If simply for sex, she will feel used, but if he recognizes her contributions to his mental physical and spiritual welfare as well as reputation in the community, she will respond enthusiatically in all manner of ways and tolerate his weaknesses all the more as he approaches the maturation of manhood.
Without the woman, who indeed does the man govern or lead? This is his singular most important trial of manhood, which most fail to address.
More on this later
wasalaam,
dr omar
December 15th, 2009 на 11:37 PM
Salaam Dr. Омар,
I’m learning so much here from you. You’re a wealth of information and it all is not only very, very interesting, but so very refreshing, а также. I thank you so much for devoting so much time and energy to helping all of us understand male/female interaction so much better. The knowledge that you have been sharing with us I’m sure is helping to alleviate some of the unnecessary pain and suffering that many of us have been experiencing. I think I can speak for many here; I hope.
If I’m not disturbing your sequence of writing, I was wondering if you would shed some light on the favorite wife concept. You indicated a husband could love his wives for differing reasons, but isn’t one usually a favorite? And if a man loves one more, why does he bother to have others that he sometimes neglect and the other wives always know which one is the favorite?
December 16th, 2009 на 2:50 AM
Salaam Dear Ana,
A wife neglected is not a wife. She is a chattel and most likely a burden to the neglectful husband. It is better they divorce peacefully.
As for the favorite: Yes this is true. Just as a mother will have a favorite child, a man will also have a favorite wife, and it is for this reason the koran says it is impossible for any man to treat them equally. Equality here has nothing to do with material justice and everything to do with passion. Теперь … is this cause for jealousy? It shouldn’t be but it is unless the less favoured (passionately loved wife) accepts the situation and her “less loved” status. “Whoa”, many women might say “and why should I do that?” а. my response is: “What choice do you have; especially if you love the man?”
Think of it like this. Suppose you’re the eldest wife and you come to an age (mentioned by the prophet) when you are no longer physically desireable but your man is still virile and even handsome (a real silver fox)? Теперь … are you willing to deny truth and hold him hostage to your faded charms? Or are you honest enough to accept God’s dispensations and graciously help him in the choice of another more passionately desireable wife (usually younger, but not always)?
Most women women refuse to give in to reality and keep up the pretense and hold him hostage. This is a form of self-idolatry and dishonesty. The prophet said then when a man’s wife comes to that “age” he should “divorce her but keep her in his household and treat her with kindness.” Ну, if he’s commanded to treat her with kindness, but no longer desires her for sex, shoudln’t she also treat him with kindness as well as protect him from zina by accepting the reality and also accepting another wife? Hmmmm ….
Теперь … to take this a step further. Not all men have similar sex drives. Ambitious and successful men–criminal or not–usually have very high sex drives and stay that way until well into old age. Some men, have lower testsoterone levels, and hence, lower sex drives which also decline with age. That’s why the romantic image of an old couple sitting on the porch holding hands appeals to most women, but most men can take or leave it, especially leave it if they’re ambitious and can also sit with an attractive woman.
This is not to say that a “good” man would simply ignore her or forget her contributions to his success or lose his love or affection for her. В … Not at all. Однако, most women, when confronted with this situation, would force him to ignore her because of her self-centered attitude.
Now then, considering Jannah’s restoration of youth and beauty, isn’t it reasonable for such a lady to be patient and endure the trial and wait for the reward? Sure it is; especially when we know the present life will seem but a “few hours” when confronted to eternity.
Getting back to the less favored wife. She is in a similar position, inasmuch as the man will have greater desire for another wife. Тем не менее, this does not mean the man doesn’t desire or love her. Sure he does. Why else woiuld he keep her? did he marry her out of pity? Out of respect? Out of need?
Hmmm …. what are the reasons for marriage then? #1 is Piety … #2 is social status … #3 is money … #4 is beauty …. Hmmmmm now think about this very carefully and it will re-arrange your priorities and your Islam as a woman and Human Being.
If these are reasons for marriage, who then is the best wife? => The one with all four reasons of course, someone like Khadijah. How many of you out there have all four? This should well be a lesson then in humility, and I hope that it works in that fashion for the readers.
Теперь, should a man marry one for beauty, and another for piety, yet prefer the bed-company of the former to the latter… Should the Pious one be jealous enough to rant and rave and run off at the mouth and then force the man to abandon her? Of course not, and were she to do so, she would not be considered pious. Поэтому, jealousy is not a pious quality and should be completely disgarded from the larders of feminine wisdom. It is merely the nafs rising up to allow Satan to tempt the woman to destroy what Allah has provided for her benefit.
Так … stop “чувство” sorry for yourselves and start thinking. Establish your identity, understand your position and gifts, and just get on with life and stop wasting time and oppotunity for the multiple blessings granted by polygamy.
Ну … there is more to be said on this. But it it can wait.
Thank you for the opportunity to share what Allah has given me to teach. I am almost moved to tears, because no one here wishes to listen, except my good wives. Alhamduillah.
wasalaam,
dr omar
December 16th, 2009 на 7:41 PM
The sister asked me ” what is man understanding of woman”. I do not know any man understand woman except he wants her. I am not sure that man understand woman. Traditionally, man want to have women for children. Individually, man want woman for sex. Однако, there are three classified men. One kind of man persist on bad. Second kind of man reproaching and third kind of man is peaceful and satisfied. If a woman fortunate to find second or third categorical man that means that woman is lucky and if woman find the first categorical man it means she is going to have bad times. He will beat her, curse her, yell at her, never feel regret of his misdeed. High quality of man as Allah prescribe in the chapter 89, they are very few and second classified men are also become bad because of environment. So I guess women have to live by low class men.
December 16th, 2009 на 11:37 PM
Shahin:
Thank you for sharing your answer with us. It is a simple question, but a complex topic, thank you again.
December 17th, 2009 на 2:15 PM
Ну, the main problem with women is that we need them. Regarding the ‘favourite’ wife topic: The wife can of course influence that a lot. If she is kind, understanding (and a little bit flexible) we love her more for it. Therefore please help us balance you! (sorry for the grammar). I would not really speak of a ‘favourite’ but each has her own value and charm. Regarding visits to ‘outsiders’. I would not know when to find the time. There is always someone waiting for me.
December 17th, 2009 на 2:24 PM
I think this guy is lying. this hadith is not truth. “divorce her but keep her in his household and treat her with kindness.” This guy is trying to blame everything on women and fake hadith as dalil. Я думаю,, this guy is womanize and trying to using Islam as his pass card. I swear by Allah I would beat this to hell for misinterpreting hadith and using fake hdith. May Allah destroy these liars.
December 18th, 2009 на 1:07 PM
В многоженство 411 we encourage discussion and all should agree to respectfully disagree, if need be. We post all constructive comments submitted in a respectful manner. We discourage comments that are terribly abusive, offensive and/or an affront or personal attack on our readers/commenters’ character. Пожалуйста, let’s all try to respect, learn from, and help one another.
Спасибо!
Главная
December 18th, 2009 на 6:35 PM
Salaam To all and especially Shahin,
I do not like to be accused of lying, so I’ve posted the following hadith which are genuine. There are scholars also who concur with what I’ve said above about the husband who no longer desires an elder wife. I would also remind everyone that the prophet said the majority of the people in hell were women. So it is best to take that statement under advisement and do some extremely careful soul searching.
One:
“If a woman fear cruelty or dessertion on her husbands part, я. if the hudband notices something unpleasant about his wife, such as old age,or the like and wants to divorce her,but she asks him to keep her and provide for her as he wishes,There is no blame on them if they reconcile on such a bsis.” Bukhari, 49. # 859
Two:
also Book 7, # 134 is similar
Three:
“Aish said: And if a woman has reason to fear ill-treatment from her husband or that he might turn away from her, that it was revealved in a case of a woman who a long association with her husband, and now he intends to divorce her, and she says: “Do not divorce me, but retain me (as wife in your house) and you are permitted to live with another wife. It is in this context that the verse (4:128) was revealed.” Мусульманский 43: #7165
Four:
“Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that Rafi ibn Khadij married the daughter of Muhammad ibn Maslama al-Ansari. She was with him until she grew older, and then he married a young girl and preferred the young girl to her. She begged him to divorce her, so he divorced her and then he gave her time until she had almost finished her idda period and then he returned and still preferred the young girl. She therefore asked him to divorce her. He divorced her once, and then returned to her, and still preferred the young girl, and she asked him to divorce her. Он сказал,, “What do you want? There is only one divorce left. If you like, continue and put up with what you see of preference, and if you like, I will separate from you.” Она сказала,, “I will continue in spite of the preference.” He kept her in spite of that. Rafi did not see that he had done any wrong action when she remained with him in spite of preference.” Muwatta 28.22.57
There are more as well, but this should suffice for now.
wasalaam,
dr omar
December 18th, 2009 на 6:43 PM
Ibn Kathir states:
Making peace is better than separation. An example of such peace can be felt in the story
of Sawdah bint Zam’ah who WHEN SHE BECAME AGED, THE PROPHET WANTED TO DIVORCE HER, but she made peace with him by offering the night he used to spend with her to A’isha so that he would keep her. The Prophet accepted such terms and kept her.
I think this should close the subject. If you disagree, it is only because you do not wish to accept something you cannot change.
Wasalaam,
dr omar
December 18th, 2009 на 7:36 PM
Salaam To All,
This topic — the ‘unattractive or less desired wife’ — is a sensitive issue due to many a woman’s inability to take responsibility for her own physical and or emotional state. Например, the lady who overeats, becomes a glutton and obese, or the proverbial “nag” who still expects her husband to service her physical needs. The truth is that MOST men (not all) cannot because their own body or psyche will simply not respond to such undesireable stimulii. Old age is similar, excepting those cases where the husband and wife have grown so close that the physical attraction is no longer as issue. Конечно, this is an “ideal” but it is also rare.
The sexual response in both men and women is extrememly complicated; is bound to unalterable physiological channels that are fixed in the body; and is also subject to ‘conditioning’ by virtue of experiences that fix certain pathways to pleasure centers in the brain; such as various forms of fetish.
This is not to mention phermones that dictate or disallow attraction in the first place. Hence, since these factors are complicit in any and all relations, it is not possible to alter them but it is possible to accept their realities and result. the acceptance is what is important, rather than the ‘denial’ based on selfishness and/or ignorance. Because it is acceptance that brings peace, and it is peace between husband and wife — even though everythings not “идеальный” — that is Islam.
Posted below are some scholarly remarks on the subject for your review. Often, people are drawn into controversy based on opinion rather than knowledge. Very few of us take the time to do the research needed, and often fall back on ‘opinion’ и “чувства” to defend our ignorant positions. This only cause more “unpeace”, especially between husband and wife.
The late Muslim scholar Sayyid Abu A‘la Mawdudi sums all this up in his comments on Sura 4:129:
This means that it is not possible for a man to accord complete equality of treatment to two or more wives under all circumstances and in all respects. It is possible that one is ugly, the other beautiful; one is old, the other young; one is permanently sick, the other healthy; one is irritable, the other good-tempered. These and other differences are likely to make a person less attracted to one and more to another. In such circumstances, the Law does not demand that one should necessarily maintain absolute equality between the wives in respect of love, emotional attachment and sexual relationship. What it does demand is that if a husband does not repudiate marriage despite aversion for his wife, either because of his own desire or out of consideration for the desire of his wife, he should at least maintain a good relationship short of which his wife begins to feel if she is without a husband. In such circumstances, while it is natural that a person should prefer one wife to the other, this should not go to the extent that the woman remains, так сказать, in a state of suspension, as if she were without a husband at all.
In the Two Sahihs, it is recorded that ‘A’ishah said that when Sawdah bint Zam’ah BECAME OLD, she forfeited her day to ‘A’ishah and the Prophet used to spend Sawdah’s night with ‘A’ishah…
. IT REFERS TO THE WIFE RELINQUISHING SOME OF HER MARITAL RIGHTS and his acceptance of the offer. Such compromise is better than total divorce, as the Prophet did when retained Sawdah bint Zam’ah. By doing so, the Prophet set an example for his Ummah to follow as it is a lawful act … (the preceding citation taken and adapted from Tafsir Ibn Kathir – Abridged, Объем 2, Parts 3, 4 & 5, Surat Al-Baqarah, Verse 253, to Surat An-Nisa, Verse 147
Muhammad’s personal and family life were not always smooth. His wives sometimes bickered amongst themselves and even once engaged in a petty plot against him. A’ishah, например, disliked her Jewish co-wife, Safiyah, and insulted her periodically. Muhammad had to defend her status and honor a number of times and scold the youthful A’ishah. Hafsah became jealous of her co-wife, Maria, when she found her and Muhammad resting[sic] in her apartment one day. Sawdah gave up her allotted day with the Prophet WHEN SHE REALIZED HE WAS NOT REALLY ATTRACTED TO HER. As for the conspiracy, A’ishah agreed with two other co-wives to convince the Prophet that eating honey made him unpleasant to be around. When Muhammad vowed to never eat honey again, she privately repented to her co-conspirators. Though these incidents were not the norm, they demonstrate that the women in Muhammad’s life were as human as the rest of us. (Yahiya Emerick, Critical Lives: Muhammad
Noted linguist and commentator Al-Zamakhshari wrote the following regarding this issue:
It is related that the Prophet (refrained from sexual intercourse and) put off temporarily the following wives: Sauda, Juwairiya. Safiyya, Maimuna, and Umm Habiba. In so doing he used to grant them a share (of sexual intercourse) according TO HIS WISH. Among the wives whom the Prophet preferred to take to himself belong ‘A’isha, Hafsa, Umm Salama, and Zainab (bint Jash). Thus, he used to put five off temporarily in order to take four to himself. (С другой стороны) it is related that, disregarding divorce and the selection concerned with it, the Prophet treated (all his wives) the same, with the exception of Sauda.
Narrated Aisha:
I used to look down upon those ladies who had given themselves to Allah’s Apostle and I used to say, “Can a lady give herself (to a man)?” But when Allah revealed: “You (O Muhammad) can postpone (the turn of) whom you will of them (your wives), and you may receive any of them whom you will; and there is no blame on you if you invite one whose turn you have set aside (temporarily).” (33.51) Я сказал: (to the Prophet), “I feel that your Lord hastens in fulfilling your wishes and desires.” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Объем 6, Book 60, Number 311)
May Allah reward your seeking after knowledge,
Wasalaam,
dr omar